Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
|
|
|
1.
|
If you place the corner of a paper towel into a droplet of water, the water
moves across the paper towel. Which of the following would best explain the movement of the
water?
A) | Surface tension allows water molecules to form a bubble within the fibers of the
paper towel and be absorbed | B) | Cohesion between the polar ends of the water
molecules and the carbons in the paper towels allow water to be absorbed | C) | Cohesion of the
water molecules to other water molecules form a chain that is absorbed by the paper
towel | D) | Ionic bonding between the water and the paper towel allow water to be
absorbed |
|
|
|
2.
|
Which of the following elements is one of the six most common elements in living
organisms?
A) | Carbon | B) | Sodium | C) | Iron | D) | Potassium |
|
|
|
3.
|
From the table below of radioisotopes and their properties, it is obvious that
Radioactive Isotope | Half-life | Energy of Particles Emitted | 131I | 8.1 days | 0.8
MeV | 32P | 14.3 days | 1.7 MeV | 33P | 25.5 days | 0.25
MeV | 35S | 87.5 days | 0.2 MeV | 3H | 12.4 years | 0.02
MeV | 14C | 5730 years | 0.2 MeV | | | |
A) | the longer the half-life, the more energy emitted by the
particles | B) | the longer the half-life, the less energy emitted by the
particles | C) | radioisotopes of the same element must emit the same amount of energy in their
emissions and decay at the same rate | D) | energy and half-life are not directly
related |
|
|
|
4.
|
Both 18O and 16O are found in nature although
16O is the most common. Which of the following is true?
A) | These are different elements. | B) | Oxygen atoms can have eight or 10
neutrons. | C) | 18O is the only form of oxygen that living cells can
use. | D) | Only the common form of 16O can bond with hydrogen to form
H2O. |
|
|
|
5.
|
Which of the following statements is true about electron configurations?
A) | If an atom has only one shell, it is complete with eight
electrons. | B) | The octet rule applies to only the third and above level of
electrons | C) | If an atom has two or more shells, the outer shell is complete with eight
electrons. | D) | Atoms with more than eight electrons in the outer shell react by gaining
electrons. |
|
|
|
6.
|
Based on the data in the table below, which structure in the human body is the
most alkaline? Structure | pH | | Cytoplasm | 7.2 | | Stomach | 1.7 | | Intestine | 8.0 | | Lysosome | 4.5 | | Blood | 7.4 | | |
A) | Cytoplasm | B) | Blood | C) | Intestine | D) | stomach |
|
|
|
7.
|
The blood buffer reaction described by H 2CO 3  H + + HCO 3- indicates that A) | scientists are uncertain which direction the equation flows | B) | the reaction can
flow either direction depending on whether there is an excess of hydrogen or hydroxide
ions | C) | any reaction in one direction causes an immediate reverse
reaction | D) | there is really no difference in chemistry whether a molecule is formed or
dissociated |
|
|
|
8.
|
The subatomic particle of an atom that carries no charge is a (an)
A) | electron | B) | proton | C) | neutron | D) | ion |
|
|
|
9.
|
In the water molecule
A) | the oxygen molecule is more electronegative than the hydrogen | B) | the oxygen atom has
an overall negative charge with the hydrogen atoms have an overall positive
charge | C) | unequal sharing of electrons results in a polar molecule | D) | all of the choices
are correct |
|
|
|
10.
|
As a solid, water (ice) floats. This means that
A) | organisms in ponds, lakes, and reservoirs cannot photosynthesize under the
water | B) | covalent bonding occurred between water molecules | C) | there is more space
between the molecules in ice than in liquid water | D) | All of the choices are
correct |
|
|
|
11.
|
The coastal climate is moderated by water. Which of the following properties is
primarily responsible?
A) | Water is cohesive. | B) | Water resists changes of
state. | C) | Water has a high surface tension. | D) | Water is
adhesive. |
|
|
|
12.
|
“CHNOPs” is an acronym for
A) | carbon based life forms | B) | origin of life | C) | the elements that
compose living organisms | D) | covalent bonds that form between hydrogen and
other elements |
|
|
|
13.
|
What subunits makeup a lipid macromolecule?
A) | Glucose or modified glucose molecules | B) | Amino acids | C) | Nucleotides | D) | Fatty acids and
glycerol |
|
|
|
14.
|
Which carbohydrate is used in the liver for energy storage?
A) | Starch | B) | Cellulose | C) | Glycerol | D) | Glycogen |
|
|
|
15.
|
Which of the following pair of words best completes the statement:
A(n)_____
fat will have _____ bonds between the carbon atoms of the fatty acid and will be a ____ at room
temperature.
A) | Saturated; single; liquid | B) | Unsaturated; single; solid | C) | Saturated; double;,
liquid | D) | Unsaturated; double; liquid |
|
|
|
16.
|
The plasma membrane surrounding cells consists primarily of phospholipids. Which
change in the structure of a phospholipid would allow plants to survive a cold winter?
A) | Reversing the polar tails with the phosphate heads | B) | Adding another
phosphate head | C) | By increasing the number of kinks in the fatty acids | D) | Removing a phosphate
head |
|
|
|
17.
|
A peptide bond is found in which type of biological molecule?
A) | Carbohydrate | B) | Lipid | C) | Nucleic
acid | D) | Protein |
|
|
|
18.
|
The alpha helix and beta sheet are found at which level of protein
organization?
A) | Primary structure | B) | Secondary structure | C) | Tertiary
structure | D) | Quaternary structure |
|
|
|
19.
|
The breakfast dishes have dried yellow egg on them when you return in the
evening. The dried yellow egg remains after you dunk the dirty dishes in water. After soaking awhile,
the complex of various egg yolk molecules easily "washes off." What has happened?
A) | Soaking in water eventually resulted in hydrolysis reactions where water broke these
bonds. | B) | The egg monomers were fused to become one polymer, which was easily dissolved by
water back into monomers. | C) | The presence or absence of water changes the
molecules from hydrophilic to hydrophobic respectively. | D) | The addition of
water converted organic molecules into inorganic molecules. |
|
|
|
20.
|
Which statement is true about RNA?
A) | It contains adenine paired to thymine. | B) | One of the bases from DNA is replaced by
uracil. | C) | Its nucleotides contain twice as many phosphate groups as DNA's
nucleotides. | D) | It is a double-stranded molecule. |
|
|
|
21.
|
Fats, oils, and steroids are
A) | proteins | B) | nucleic acids | C) | polysaccharides | D) | lipids |
|
Essay
|
|
|
1.
|
Carbon is a relatively unreactive atom and yet it is used to build countless
compounds, many of which are necessary for the existence of life itself. A) What characteristic of carbon and its compounds account for the
huge diversity of organic compounds?
B) List the categories of essential biochemical
compounds, give an example of each and discuss that example's importance to life.
|